Section 15 — Claims arising out of deductions from wages or delay in payment of wages and penalty for malicious or vexatious claims.

15. Claims arising out of deductions from wages or delay in payment of wages and penalty for 

malicious or vexatious claims.—
5
[(1) The appropriate Government may, by notification in the Official 

Gazette, appoint— 

(a) any Commissioner for Workmen's Compensation; or 

(b) any officer of the Central Government exercising functions as,— 

(i) Regional Labour Commissioner; or 

(ii) Assistant Labour Commissioner with at least two years‟ experience; or 

(c) any officer of the State Government not below the rank of Assistant Labour Commissioner 

with at least two years‟ experience; or 

(d) a presiding officer of any Labour Court or Industrial Tribunal, constituted under the Industrial 

Disputes Act, 1947 (14 of 1947) or under any corresponding law relating to the investigation and 

settlement of industrial disputes in force in the State; or 

(e) any other officer with experience as a Judge of a Civil Court or a Judicial Magistrate, 

as the authority to hear and decide for any specified area all claims arising out of deductions from the 

wages, or delay in payment of the wages, of persons employed or paid in that area, including all matters 

incidental to such claims: 

Provided that where the appropriate Government considers it necessary so to do, it may appoint more 

than one authority for any specified area and may, by general or special order, provide for the distribution 

or allocation of work to be performed by them under this Act.] 

                                                           
1. Subs. by Act 38 of 1982, s. 9, for “industrial establishment” (w.e.f. 15-10-1982). 

2. Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for “Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898” (w.e.f. 15-10-1982). 

3. Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for “section 98” (w.e.f. 15-10-1982). 

4. Ins. by Act 53 of 1964, s. 12 (w.e.f. 1-2-1965). 

5. Subs. by Act 41 of 2005, s. 8, for sub-section (1) (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 



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(2) Where contrary to the provisions of this Act any deduction has been made from the wages of an 

employed person, or any payment of wages has been delayed, such person himself, or any legal 

practitioner or any official of a registered trade union authorised in writing to act on his behalf, or any 

Inspector under this Act, or any other person acting with the permission of the authority appointed under 

sub-section (1), may apply to such authority for a direction under sub-section (3): 

Provided that every such application shall be presented within 
1
[twelve months] from the date on 

which the deduction from the wages was made or from the date on which the payment of the wages was 

due to be made, as the case may be: 

Provided further that any application may be admitted after the said period of 
1
[twelve months] when 

the applicant satisfies the authority that he had sufficient cause for not making the application within such 

period. 

2
[(3) When any application under sub-section (2) is entertained, the authority shall hear the applicant 

and the employer or other person responsible for the payment of wages under section 3, or give them an 

opportunity of being heard, and, after such further enquiry, if any, as may be necessary, may, without 

prejudice to any other penalty to which such employer or other person is liable under this Act, direct the 

refund to the employed person of the amount deducted, or the payment of the delayed wages, together 

with the payment of such compensation as the authority may think fit, not exceeding ten times the amount 

deducted in the former case and not exceeding three thousand rupees but not less than one thousand five 

hundred rupees in the latter, and even if the amount deducted or delayed wages are paid before the 

disposal of the application, direct the payment of such compensation, as the authority may think fit, not 

exceeding two thousand rupees: 

Provided that a claim under this Act shall be disposed of as far as practicable within a period of three 

months from the date of registration of the claim by the authority: 

Provided further that the period of three months may be extended if both parties to the dispute agree 

for any bona fide reason to be recorded by the authority that the said period of three months may be 

extended to such period as may be necessary to dispose of the application in a just manner: 

Provided also that no direction for the payment of compensation shall be made in the case of delayed 

wages if the authority is satisfied that the delay was due to— 

(a) a bona fide error or bona fide dispute as to the amount payable to the employed person; or 

(b) the occurrence of an emergency, or the existence of exceptional circumstances, the person 

responsible for the payment of the wages was unable, in spite of exercising reasonable diligence; or 

(c) the failure of the employed person to apply for or accept payment.] 

3
[(4) If the authority hearing an application under this section is satisfied—  

(a) that the application was either malicious or vexatious, the authority may direct that a 

penalty 
4
[not exceeding three hundred seventy-five rupees] be paid to the employer or other person 

responsible for the payment of wages by the person presenting the application; or 

(b) that in any case in which compensation is directed to be paid under sub-section (3), the 

applicant ought not to have been compelled to seek redress under this section, the authority may 

direct that a penalty 
4
[not exceeding three hundred seventy-five rupees] be paid to 

5
[appropriate 

Government] by the employer or other person responsible for the payment of wages. 

(4A) Where there is any dispute as to the person or persons being the legal representative or 

representatives of the employer or of the employed person, the decision of the authority on such dispute 

shall be final. 

                                                           
1. Subs. by Act 53 of 1964, s. 13, for “six months” (w.e.f. 1-2-1965). 

2. Subs. by Act 41 of 2005, s. 8, for sub-section (3) (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 

3. Subs. by Act 53 of 1964, s. 13, for sub-section (4) (w.e.f. 1-2-1965). 

4. Subs. by Act 41 of 2005, s. 8, for “not exceeding fifty rupees” (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 

5. Subs. by s. 3, ibid., for “the State Government” (w.e.f. 9-11-2005). 



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(4B) Any inquiry under this section shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding within the meaning 

of sections 193, 219 and 228 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860).] 

(5) Any Amount directed to be paid under this section may be recovered— 

(a) if the authority is a Magistrate, by the authority as if it were a fine imposed by him as 

Magistrate, and 

(b) if the authority is not a Magistrate, by the Magistrate to whom the authority makes application 

in this behalf, as if it were a fine imposed by such Magistrate.