Section 21 — Procedure in trial of offences.

21. Procedure in trial of offences.—(1) No Court shall take cognizance of a complaint against any 

person for an offence under sub-section (1) of section 20 unless an application in respect of the facts 

constituting the offence has been presented under section 15 has been granted wholly or in part and the 

authority empowered under the latter section or the appellate Court granting such application has 

sanctioned the making of the complaint. 

(2) Before sanctioning the making of a complaint against any person for an offence under                        

sub-section (1) of section 20, the authority empowered under section 15 or the appellate Court, as the case 

may be, shall give such person an opportunity of showing cause against the granting of such sanction, and 

the sanction shall not be granted if such person satisfies the authority or Court that his default was due 

to— 

(a) a bona fide error or bona fide dispute as to the amount payable to the employed person, or 

(b) the occurrence of an emergency or the existence of exceptional circumstances, such that the 

person responsible for the payment of the wages was unable, though exercising reasonable diligence, 

to make prompt payment, or 

(c) the failure of the employed person to apply for or accept payment. 

(3) No Court shall take cognizance of a contravention of section 4 or of section 6 or of a 

contravention of any rules made under section 26 except on a complaint made by or with the sanction of 

an Inspector under this Act. 
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[(3A) No Court shall take cognizance of any offence punishable under sub-section (3) or sub-section 

(4) of section 20 except on a complaint made by or with the sanction of an Inspector under this Act.] 

(4) In imposing any fine for an offence under sub-section (1) of section 20 the court shall take into 

consideration the amount of any compensation already awarded against the accused in any proceedings 

taken under section 15.