1[12. Cognizance and trial of offences.—(1) No court inferior to that of a Metropolitan Magistrate or
a Judicial Magistrate of the first class shall try any offence punishable under this Act.
(2) No court shall take cognizance of an offence punishable under this Act except upon—
(a) its own knowledge or upon a complaint made by the appropriate Government or an officer
authorised by it in this behalf, or
1. Subs. by Act 49 of 1987, s. 4, for section 12 (w.e.f. 16-12-1987).
7
(b) a complaint made by the person aggrieved by the offence or by any recognised welfare
institution or organisation.
Explanation.—For the purposes of this sub-section “recognised welfare institution or organisation”
means a social welfare institution or organisation recognised in this behalf by the Central or State
Government.]Source footnotes
Document extract. Section boundaries were matched to the arrangement of sections in the official source. Original formatting and footnote placement can differ; check the linked document.
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Section 1 · Short title, extent and commencement.Section 2 · Definitions.Section 3 · Act to have overriding effect.Section 4 · Duty of employer to pay equal remuneration to men and women workers for same work or work of a similar nature.Section 5 · No discrimination to be made while recruiting men and women workers.Section 6 · Advisory Committee.Section 7 · Power of appropriate Government to appoint authorities for hearing and deciding claims and complaints.Section 8 · Duty of employers to maintain registers.India Code, Government of India. Text fetched 22 Oct 2026. Check the linked official text and subsequent notifications when applying a provision.