Central · Act 47 of 2023

Section 85 — Presumption as to electronic agreements.

The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

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The Court shall presume that every electronic record purporting to be an agreement containing the electronic or digital signature of the parties was so concluded by affixing the electronic or digital signature of the parties.

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Next · Section 86Presumption as to electronic records and electronic signatures. →All sections / सभी धाराएँThe Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 →
More sections of this actSection 1 · Short title, application and commencement.Section 2 · Definitions.Section 3 · Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts.Section 4 · Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction.Section 5 · Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts.Section 6 · Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct.Section 7 · Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts.Section 8 · Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design.
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India Code, Government of India. Text fetched 09 Oct 2026. Check the linked official text and subsequent notifications when applying a provision.

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Section 85 — Presumption as to electronic agreements. | The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 | NYAYA SIGNAL

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